Language and Representation

 Language and contexts

1) Write a summary of the notes from our in-class analysis of the episode. You can use your own notes from the screening in class or this Google document of class notes (you'll need your GHS Google login). 

Camerawork and sound:

Mise-en-scene:

Narrative and genre:

2) How can we apply narrative theories to this episode of  Doctor Who? 

Todorov: equilibrium
Todorov suggested that all narratives follow a three part structure.They begin with equilibrium, where everything is balanced, progress as something comes along to disrupt that equilibrium, and finally reach a resolution, when a new equilibrium is restored.
Equilibrium > Disequilibrium > New equilibrium
This can be applied to most media narratives.

Propp: character types
Vladimir Propp stated that there were seven basic character roles when he analysed classic fairy tales and that these were present in most narratives. Media products still use these recognisable character types today:
Hero, Villain, Heroine/Princess, Father, Donor, Helper/Sidekick, False Hero

Roland Barthes: Enigma and Action Codes

Action Codes: anything that suggests something dramatic is about to happen. E.g. when the TARDIS begins to take off or when the shadow appears in the final shot of the episode. 

Enigma Codes: a narrative code that creates mystery and gives the audience questions to keep them watching e.g. who is the Doctor and where is he taking them? Will the teachers get home? What is the mysterious shadow in the final scene?

Levi-Strauss: Binary opposition

Binary opposition is a theory that all narratives are driven by conflict of a series of opposing forces. There are many examples that can be found in this Doctor Who episode e.g. good v evil; young v old; human v alien; dark v light etc.

3) In your opinion, what is the most important scene in the episode and why?

The most pivotal scene in "Doctor Who: An Unearthly Child" occurs when Ian and Barbara step inside the TARDIS and realize it's bigger on the inside. This moment encapsulates the essence of the show, introducing viewers to the concept of time travel and the extraordinary capabilities of the Doctor's ship. Beyond its technical marvel, the scene also serves to establish the characters' dynamics, highlighting Ian and Barbara's skepticism and curiosity, which foreshadows their roles as the Doctor's companions. The iconic nature of this revelation has made it a cornerstone of Doctor Who lore, symbolizing the show's blend of science fiction, wonder, and adventure. It's a scene that not only propels the plot forward but also captures the imagination of audiences, setting the stage for the series' enduring legacy and appeal.

4) What genre is An Unearthly Child and how can you tell? Make specific reference to aspects of the episode.

An Unearthly Child is a classic example of science fiction, evident through various elements within the episode. The use of futuristic technology, such as the TARDIS, a time-traveling spacecraft disguised as a police box, immediately places the story within the realm of speculative fiction. The mysterious nature of the Doctor, an alien with unknown origins and abilities, adds an element of intrigue and otherness typical of science fiction protagonists. The episode's exploration of different time periods, from contemporary 1963 London to the distant past of prehistoric Earth, showcases the genre's interest in temporal and historical concepts. By combining these elements with themes of exploration, discovery, and encounters with the unknown, An Unearthly Child embodies the core characteristics of science fiction storytelling.

5) How does An Unearthly Child reflect the social and historical contexts of the 1960s?
An Unearthly Child reflects the social and historical contexts of the 1960s in nuanced ways. The character of Susan Foreman challenges traditional gender roles, embodying the era's shifting attitudes towards women. The episode's urban setting in 1963 London provides a glimpse into everyday life and culture, including fashion and technology of the time. The dynamic between Susan and her teachers mirrors generational tensions prevalent in the 1960s. Moreover, the theme of exploration resonates with the era's fascination with scientific progress and space exploration. Together, these elements weave a narrative that both reflects and is influenced by the social and historical milieu of the 1960s.

Representations

1) What stereotypes of men are reinforced and subverted in Doctor Who: An Unearthly Child? How?

In "Doctor Who: An Unearthly Child," traditional stereotypes of men are both reinforced and subverted through the character of the Doctor. Initially, the Doctor embodies traits like intellectual superiority and leadership, aligning with stereotypes of men as intellectually dominant and authoritative figures. However, the character also subverts stereotypes by displaying compassion, empathy, and a preference for non-violent solutions to conflicts. His relationship with Susan showcases a nurturing and caring side, challenging the stereotype of men as emotionally distant. Furthermore, the Doctor engages in intellectual collaboration and teamwork, highlighting the value of cooperation over solitary problem-solving. Through these complexities, "Doctor Who" offers a nuanced portrayal of masculinity, blending traditional traits with progressive ideals to create a multifaceted male character

2) What stereotypes of women/girls are reinforced and subverted in Doctor Who: An Unearthly Child? How?

In "Doctor Who: An Unearthly Child," stereotypes of women and girls are both reinforced and subverted through the character of Susan Foreman. Initially, Susan embodies some traditional stereotypes of women, such as being portrayed as emotional and in need of protection, especially as she is the Doctor's granddaughter. However, Susan also subverts these stereotypes by showcasing intelligence, curiosity, and a strong sense of independence. She is depicted as knowledgeable in science and technology, challenging the stereotype of women as less scientifically inclined. Susan's desire for exploration and adventure, as well as her willingness to question authority figures, further subvert traditional expectations of passive female characters. Through Susan, "Doctor Who" presents a complex and multidimensional portrayal of femininity, blending conventional traits with qualities that defy gender stereotypes.

3) How do the representations of young people and old people in An Unearthly Child reflect the social and historical context of the 1960s? 

In "Doctor Who: An Unearthly Child," the representations of young people and old people reflect the social and historical context of the 1960s. Susan Foreman embodies the rebellious spirit and curiosity of 1960s youth culture, challenging authority and traditional norms. Meanwhile, the Doctor represents traditional wisdom and authority, reflecting the respect for elders and established values of the time. This dynamic portrayal captures the evolving tensions between youthfulness and wisdom in 1960s society.

4) What representations of race/ethnicity can be found in Doctor Who: An Earthly Child? Is this surprising or not? Give reasons for your answer and consider historical / cultural context (the 1960s). Has this changed in more recent series of Doctor Who?

"Doctor Who: An Unearthly Child" primarily features Caucasian actors, reflecting the limited racial diversity typical of 1960s television. This lack of representation aligns with the era's norms, where non-white characters were often marginalized or absent in mainstream media. However, in more recent series of "Doctor Who," there has been a noticeable shift towards greater diversity and inclusion. Characters like Martha Jones and Bill Potts represent more diverse backgrounds, reflecting broader societal changes and an increased emphasis on representation in media. This evolution demonstrates a positive move towards more inclusive storytelling in line with contemporary values.

5) How is social class represented in An Unearthly Child? Think about how education and knowledge is presented in the episode.

In "Doctor Who: An Unearthly Child," social class is subtly portrayed through education and knowledge. Susan's advanced understanding hints at a higher social class due to her access to extensive education. Conversely, Ian and Barbara, as teachers, reflect a middle-class background. Their interactions with Susan and the Doctor highlight differences in education and perspective, subtly exploring social class distinctions. The Doctor's unconventional wisdom challenges traditional class assumptions, adding complexity to the representation of social hierarchy in the episode.